Citric Acid is a tricarboxylic acid found in citrus fruits. Citric acid is used as an excipient in pharmaceutical preparations due to its antioxidant properties. It maintains stability of active ingredients and is used as a preservative. It is also used as an acidulant to control pH and acts as an anticoagulant by chelating calcium in blood.

Fumaric acid, or trans-butenedioic acid, is an unsaturated dicarboxylic acid with the chemical formula HOOC–CH=CH–COOH. It appears as a crystalline white powder that is odorless, combustible but weakly flammable, and slightly soluble in water.

E501 is a food additive that corresponds to potassium carbonate. Potassium carbonate is an inorganic chemical substance used in the food industry and other sectors.

Adipic Acid is naturally found in rhubarb and beets. It can also be produced synthetically for industrial use. It is a relatively mild acidifier, permitted in a very limited range of products.

Gluconic acid is a widely distributed acid found in both animals and plants. It is most often incorporated into a larger molecule, as is the case in various gums.

Potassium tartrate is the potassium salt of tartaric acid, a natural substance found in grapes.

An antioxidant added to foods, it imparts a sour taste to them. The most significant use of tartaric acid is as a beverage additive. It is also a raw material for the pharmaceutical industry.

This is the sodium salt of acetic acid (E260). The latter is one of the oldest food preservatives.

Malic acid is an organic compound with the molecular formula C4H6O5. It contributes to the pleasantly sour taste of fruits and is used as a food additive. Malic acid has two stereoisomeric forms (L- and D-enantiomers), although only the L-isomer exists naturally. Malic acid is highly hygroscopic, soluble in water and ethanol. It has a special pleasant acidity.

Sodium Carbonate is an inorganic compound widely used in various industrial and domestic applications.

Sodium Bicarbonate, also known as baking soda, is a chemical compound with the formula NaHCO3. It is a white, crystalline powder that is soluble in water.

Lactic acid is utilized in the food industry as an additive (E270) serving as an antioxidant, acidifier, or flavor enhancer. It also exists in the form of salts: sodium salt (E325), potassium salt (E326), and calcium salt (E327). These salts are in powder form and are water-soluble. Lactic acid acts as a bacteriostatic agent, particularly against pathogenic bacteria such as Salmonella or Listeria, and also has a water activity-depressing effect.

Lactic acid is an organic compound, naturally forming in muscles during intense exercise to produce energy. It is also present in wine, dairy products, and certain vegetables after fermentation.