L-lysine is an essential amino acid, meaning our body cannot synthesize it and must be obtained through diet or supplements. The "L" in its name indicates its stereoisomeric configuration, which is the biologically active form. L-lysine plays a crucial role in many biological functions and is used in various medical, nutritional, and industrial applications.

Citric Acid is a tricarboxylic acid found in citrus fruits. Citric acid is used as an excipient in pharmaceutical preparations due to its antioxidant properties. It maintains stability of active ingredients and is used as a preservative. It is also used as an acidulant to control pH and acts as an anticoagulant by chelating calcium in blood.

L-threonine is an essential amino acid.  L-threonine is obtained through the hydrolysis of proteins by pancreatic enzymes during digestion. 

Methionine is an essential amino acid, meaning it is crucial to provide a sufficient quantity to maintain good health. This amino acid is unique due to its sulfur-containing structure. It is primarily found in animal products (meat, fish, dairy) as an essential amino acid.

Fumaric acid, or trans-butenedioic acid, is an unsaturated dicarboxylic acid with the chemical formula HOOC–CH=CH–COOH. It appears as a crystalline white powder that is odorless, combustible but weakly flammable, and slightly soluble in water.

Astaxanthin is a natural carotenoid represented by the chemical formula C40H52O4. It is known for its potent antioxidant properties and is widely used in various applications, including the food industry, health, and cosmetics.

Vitamin B9, also known as folic acid, is a water-soluble vitamin. Folic acid is the metabolic precursor to a coenzyme, tetrahydrofolate, involved notably in the synthesis of nucleic bases, purines, and pyrimidines, which constitute the nucleic acids of genetic material.

Calcium iodate, with the chemical formula Ca(IO₃)₂, is an inorganic compound that finds applications in several fields, including the food industry, medicine, and scientific research.

Calcium Lactate is the calcium salt of lactic acid (E270). Of natural origin, it serves as an antioxidant. Additionally, it functions as an acidity regulator, humectant, emulsifier, thickener, and firming agent. Its use is permitted in numerous food products.

Ammonium chloride (NH4Cl) is a chemical compound formed by the combination of ammonium ions (NH4+) and chloride ions (Cl-).

Sodium propionate (E281) is a sodium salt of propionic acid, a carboxylic acid. It is used as a food additive in the food industry, primarily as a preservative agent to inhibit the growth of molds and yeasts, thereby extending the shelf life of food products.

Iron(III) oxide is a chemical compound commonly found in nature, represented by the formula Fe₂O₃. It is extensively used in various industries for its specific properties and applications.

Canthaxanthin is a carotenoid pigment found in many natural organisms. It is represented by the chemical formula C40H52O2 and is widely used in various applications, including the food industry, cosmetics, and health, due to its coloring and antioxidant properties.

Inositol is a chemical compound often classified among the B vitamins, although it is not a vitamin in the strict sense.

Sodium selenite is an inorganic compound represented by the chemical formula Na2SeO3. It is primarily used in various industrial, medical, and environmental applications due to its specific properties and its ability to provide selenium, an essential trace element.

N-Butyric acid is a straight-chain saturated carboxylic acid represented by the chemical formula C4H8O2. It plays a crucial role in several areas, including as a biochemical compound, food additive, and nutritional supplement.