Beta-glucan is a polysaccharide, meaning a molecule composed of multiple glucose units. It is primarily found in the cell walls of certain organisms such as fungi, algae, oats, and barley. Beta-glucan has been studied for its various health benefits, particularly concerning the immune system and cardiovascular health.

Starch is a complex carbohydrate (sugar) composed of chains of D-glucose molecules (simple sugar). It is a reserve molecule for higher plants and a common element in human diet.

Composed of 40% sugars, 35% starch, 7% proteins, and, to a lesser extent, tannins and minerals such as calcium and magnesium.

Wheat gluten is a protein found in wheat (Triticum aestivum) and other related grains, such as barley and rye. Gluten is responsible for the elastic structure of bread dough and gives baked goods their characteristic texture.

E322, also known as lecithin, is a food additive that is often extracted from soy lecithin.

Sodium citrate is the sodium salt of citric acid (E330), a natural acid found in most fruits. On an industrial scale, it is produced by cultivating a fungus (Aspergillus niger) in a sugary nutrient solution.

Trehalose is a sugar, more precisely a non-reducing disaccharide. In contrast to sucrose, which is composed of a glucose molecule linked to a fructose molecule.

Cyclamate (or sodium cyclamate) is an artificial sweetener discovered in 1937 at the University of Illinois by a student named Michael Sveda.

Cyclamate is also known under the number E952.

Xylitol is a polyol sweetener, also known as birch sugar.

Neotame (E961) is an artificial sweetener which belongs to the family of new generation sweeteners, derived from aspartame.

Ascorbic Acid, or oxo-3-gulofuranolactone, is an organic acid with antioxidant properties. It is present in an enantiomerically pure form in lemons, fruit juices, and fresh vegetables.

Sodium glutamate is the sodium salt of glutamic acid, a non-essential amino acid. It is commonly used as a flavor enhancer in the food industry due to its ability to improve and intensify the flavor of foods. It is often associated with the umami taste, considered the fifth basic taste after sweet, salty, sour, and bitter.

Sodium lactate is the sodium salt of lactic acid, which is an organic acid produced naturally in human metabolism.

WPC, also known as Whey Protein Concentrate, is a concentrate of whey protein with a whey protein content ranging from 15% to 80%. ... WPC is typically produced using whey ultrafiltration, and protein concentration can be increased through the use of diafiltration.

Vitamin AD3 is a combination of fat-soluble vitamins, comprising Vitamin A and Vitamin D3. This combination is often used in various medical and agricultural applications due to its health benefits and essential role in metabolism.