Sulfuric acid, formerly known as oil of vitriol or fuming sulfuric acid, is a mineral acid whose strength is surpassed by only a few superacids. It is miscible with water in all proportions.

An antioxidant added to foods, it imparts a sour taste to them. The most significant use of tartaric acid is as a beverage additive. It is also a raw material for the pharmaceutical industry.

E412, also known as guar gum, is a naturally-derived food additive widely used in the food industry.

Vitamin B8, also known as biotin, is a water-soluble vitamin essential for the metabolism of carbohydrates, fats, and proteins. Its chemical formula is C₁₀H₁₆N₂O₃S. It plays a crucial role in several biological functions, including the regulation of energy metabolism and the health of hair, skin, and nails.

Vitamin B9, also known as folic acid, is a water-soluble vitamin. Folic acid is the metabolic precursor to a coenzyme, tetrahydrofolate, involved notably in the synthesis of nucleic bases, purines, and pyrimidines, which constitute the nucleic acids of genetic material.

Inositol is a chemical compound often classified among the B vitamins, although it is not a vitamin in the strict sense.

L-carnitine is a compound that contains a quaternary ammonium function, and it is biosynthesized from lysine and methionine. This molecule plays a role within the cell in transporting fatty acids from the cytosol to the mitochondria during the catabolism of lipids in energy metabolism.

Vitamin B1, also known as thiamine, is a water-soluble vitamin that is part of the B-complex. It plays a crucial role in carbohydrate metabolism by helping to convert carbohydrates into usable energy. Thiamine is essential for the proper functioning of the nervous system, muscles, and heart.

Vitamin B2, also known as riboflavin, is an essential water-soluble vitamin that is part of the B complex. This vitamin is crucial for numerous metabolic reactions within the human body.

Vitamin B6, also known as pyridoxine, is a water-soluble vitamin that plays an essential role in several biological functions of the human body.

Vitamin B12, also called cobalamin, is a water-soluble vitamin essential for the proper functioning of the human body.

Vitamin C, also known as ascorbic acid, is a water-soluble vitamin essential for the proper functioning of the human body.

Vitamin E is primarily found in plant-based fats such as margarine or vegetable oils. It is well-known for its antioxidant properties and protective effects on the body\'s cells against oxidative stress.

Calcium chloride is an inorganic salt, identified by the number E509, widely used in various industrial, medical, and food applications due to its chemical properties and effects on solubility and stabilization.

Potassium metabisulfite, or potassium pyrosulfite, is a chemical compound with the formula K2S2O5. It appears as a crystalline white powder in the monoclinic system, soluble in water, with a faint odor of sulfur dioxide (SO2).

Sodium bisulfite (E222) is a food additive used as a preservative.