Calcium:

Calcium is a chemical element in the Periodic Table of Elements, with the symbol Ca and the atomic number 20. It is essential for many biological functions and is particularly important for the formation and maintenance of bones and teeth.

Properties of Calcium:

• Atomic number: 20
• Atomic mass: 40.08 u
• Physical state at room temperature: Solid
• Color: Silver

Functions in the Human Body:

• Formation of bones and teeth: Calcium is a major constituent of bones and teeth. It contributes to the strength and structure of these tissues.
• Cell function: Calcium plays a crucial role in cell function, particularly in the transmission of electrical signals through nerve and muscle cells.
• Blood coagulation: It participates in the blood coagulation process, essential to stop bleeding.
• How Enzymes Work: Calcium is involved in the activation of certain enzymes that are important for various metabolic processes.
• Regulation of blood pressure: It contributes to the regulation of blood pressure.

Food Sources of Calcium:

• Dairy products such as milk, cheese and yogurt.
• Some green leafy vegetables like broccoli and kale.
• Fish such as salmon and sardines.
• Fortified foods such as fruit juices and cereals.

Calcium deficiencies:

• Calcium deficiency can lead to health problems, such as osteoporosis, a condition characterized by increased bone fragility.

Excess Calcium:

• Excess calcium, usually due to excessive supplementation, can lead to problems such as kidney stones.