Agar-agar is a vegetarian and vegan-friendly substance extracted from certain types of red seaweed or algae. It is commonly used in the food industry for its gelling, thickening, and stabilizing proper.

Monostearin, or E471, is an ester of glycerol and stearic acid. It is a food additive commonly used in various food products due to its emulsifying and stabilizing properties.

Sodium nitrite is used in the food industry, primarily as a food additive for its preservation and color-enhancing properties.

Vitamin B8, also known as biotin, is a water-soluble vitamin essential for the metabolism of carbohydrates, fats, and proteins. Its chemical formula is C₁₀H₁₆N₂O₃S. It plays a crucial role in several biological functions, including the regulation of energy metabolism and the health of hair, skin, and nails.

Native starch is a type of starch that has not undergone significant chemical or physical changes from starch as it occurs naturally in plants. It is extracted from sources rich in starch, such as corn, potato, wheat or tapioca.

Malic acid is an organic compound with the molecular formula C4H6O5. It contributes to the pleasantly sour taste of fruits and is used as a food additive. Malic acid has two stereoisomeric forms (L- and D-enantiomers), although only the L-isomer exists naturally. Malic acid is highly hygroscopic, soluble in water and ethanol. It has a special pleasant acidity.

Microcrystalline Cellulose is a term used to refer to refined wood pulp and is used as a texture agent, anti-caking agent, fat substitute, emulsifier, extender, and filler in food production.

Carboxymethylcellulose or CMC is a gel of synthetic origin. It is a highly hygroscopic cellulose ether. It is often used in the form of its sodium salt, sodium carboxymethylcellulose.

Commercial pectin (often used to thicken jams and jellies) is extracted from dried apple pomace or dried peels of various fruits. This additive is used as a gelling agent, stabilizer, and coating agent.

Carmine, also known by the code E120, is a natural food coloring obtained from cochineal insects. Cochineal insects are parasitic insects that feed on certain plants, and carmine colorants are extracted from the female cochineal (Dactylopius coccus).

E412, also known as guar gum, is a naturally-derived food additive widely used in the food industry.

Vitamin C, also known as ascorbic acid, is a water-soluble vitamin essential for the proper functioning of the human body.

Dicalcium phosphate, or DCP, is a chemical compound that exists in the form of colorless crystals or white powder. Its chemical formula is CaHPO₄.

Magnesium Oxide also finds therapeutic use as an antacid to alleviate heartburn. In the food industry, it is employed as a food additive and regulated under the number E530. It acts as an anti-caking agent.